Materials instabilities : proceedings of the first Latin American summer school, Valparaiso, Chile, 30 November-4 December 1998 / editors, J. Martinez-Mardones, D. Walgraef, C.H. Wörner.

"This book presents the courses and seminars delivered during the 1st Latin American Summer School on Materials Instabilities, organized ... at the Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile"--Page v.

Includes bibliographical references.

Print version record.

FOREWORD; CONTENTS; PHYSICO-CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS OF MATERIAL SYSTEMS: A REVIEW OF BASIC CONCEPTS AND RESULTS; 1 Introduction; 1.1 General Considerations; 1.2 The present notes; 1.3 Acknowledgments; 2 Energetics of Closed Systems and Reactions; 2.1 The First Law for Closed Systems; 2.2 The Message of the First Law; 2.3 Consequences and Generalizations; 2.4 The Enthalpy Function; 2.5 Description of Reactions in Closed Homogeneous Systems; 2.6 Rate of a Reaction; 2.7 Simultaneous Reactions; 2.8 Energetics of Reactions in Closed Homogeneous Systems.

2.9 Average Heat of a Physico-Chemical Reaction3 Reversible and Irreversible Phenomena. Entropy; 3.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes. The Second Law; 3.2 The Clausius Theorem; 3.3 Application to Reversible Cycles: Entropy Difference between Equilibrium States; 3.4 Application to an Arbitrary Process; 3.5 Differential forms of the Clausius Theorem: Uncompensated Heat; 3.6 Processes in a Closed System with a Defined Temperature; 3.7 Results for Heat Reservoirs and Isolated Systems; 3.8 Contributions to the Entropy Change; 3.9 The Clausius Theorem Expressed as an Equality.

4 Affinity, Reaction Rate and Physico-chemical Equilibrium4.1 Fundamental Relations; 4.2 Affinity: Definition and Relations; 4.3 Entropy Production Rate; 4.4 Affinity, Reaction Rate and Equilibrium; 4.5 Simultaneous Reactions. Thermodynamic Coupling; 5 Thermodynamics of a Phase: Fundamental Equations and the Chemical Potential; 5.1 Fundamental Equations and Maxwell Relations; 5.2 Properties of an Open Phase; 5.3 The Chemical Potential; 5.4 Integration of the Gibbs Equations; 5.5 The Gibbs -- Duhem Equation; 5.6 Identities and Maxwell Relations for Chemical Potentials.

6 Thermodynamics of Affinity6.1 The Total Differential of the Affinity; 6.2 Affinity as an Idependent Variable; 6.3 Average Affinity of a Physico-Chemical Reaction; 6.4 Relation Between Affinity and the Chemical Potentials in a Phase; 6.5 Variation of the Affinity with the Extent of the Reaction; 7 Physico-Chemical Equilibrium and Reactions in Heterogeneous Systems; 7.1 Heterogeneous Systems in Thermal and Mechanical Equilibrium; 7.2 Affinity of Reactions in Heterogeneous Systems; 7.3 The Equilibrium Condition. Examples; 7.4 Entropy Production from the Gibbs Equation.

7.5 Entropy Production for Reactions in an Open Phase7.6 Entropy Production for Reactions in an Heterogeneous System; 8 Thermodynamic Stability of Physico-Chemical Systems; 8.1 Entropy Production Accompanying a Perturbation; 8.2 Criterion of Stability; 8.3 Unilateral Perturbations; 8.4 Examples and Geometrical Interpretations; 8.5 Stability of Phases: Definitions; 8.6 Unilateral Perturbations in a Phase of a Unary System; 8.7 Thermal and Mechanical Stability of a Phase; 8.8 Stability with Respect to Bilateral Perturbations; 8.9 Stability with Respect to Diffusion in a Binary System.

This book deals with the methods and concepts of nonlinear dynamics, pattern formation, bifurcation theory, irreversible thermodynamics, and their application to advanced materials science problems. The focus is on the effect of dynamical instabilities on materials behavior and properties. The book is addressed to physicists, chemists, mathematicians and engineers who wish to work in this domain, or to learn about its latest advances. It is also aimed at bridging gaps between science and technology.

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