Scaling Biodiversity.

Cover; Scaling Biodiversity; Title; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Foreword; References; Preface; CHAPTER ONE: Introduction: scaling biodiversity -- what is the problem?; Part I. Spatial scaling of species richness and distribution; Part II. Alternative measures of biodiversity: taxonomy, phylogeny, and turnover; Part III. Scaling of biological diversity with energy and the latitudinal biodiversity gradient; Part IV. Processes, perspectives, and syntheses; Concluding remarks; References; PART I: Spatial scaling of species richness and distribution.

CHAPTER TWO: Species-area curves and the geometry of natureIntroduction; Gradient analysis; The geometry of heterogeneity and the species-area relationship; The fractal geometry of the landscape and species richness; Multiple gradients; The Environmental Texture Model of the triphasic species-area curve; Low D at fine scales; High D at intermediate scales; Low D at broad scales; Exceptions; The case of mountainous regions; Richness of North American vascular floras in mountainous regions; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References.

CHAPTER THREE: The distribution of species: occupancy, scale, and rarityIntroduction; Occupancy-area models; Testing the models; Random and fractal simulations; Species distributions at the local scale; Species distributions at the regional scale; Estimating occupancy at fine scales from the occupancy at coarse scales; Comparing the slope between rare and common species; Discussion; Acknowledgments; References; CHAPTER FOUR: Species distribution patterns, diversity scaling and testing for fractals in southern African birds; Introduction; Methods; The fractal model; The cross-scale model.

Synthetic realizations of the cross-scale modelModel fitting: testing for fractal and cross-scale relationships; Maximum likelihood estimation; A comparison with the saturation model; Species distribution data; Species-area relationships; Results; Discussion; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; CHAPTER FIVE: Geometry of species distributions: random clustering and scale invariance; Introduction; Self-similarity and hierarchical aggregation; Fractals; Generalized fractals; Generating generalized fractals -- models of more or less random multiscale aggregation; M1 The fractal model.

M2 The model of stable proportion of occupied area among levelsM3 The model of stable proportion of area within levels; M4 The random proportion model; M5 The area- and taxa-invariance model; Model properties and tests; The relationship between area and probability of occurrence; The species-area relationship; Frequency distribution of the occupied Euclidean area; Discussion and conclusions; Acknowledgments; Appendix 5.I: The area- and taxa-invariant distribution; Appendix 5. II: Calculating the distribution of occupied areas; M2 The model of stable proportion of occupied area between levels.

M3 The model of stable proportion of area within levels.

Leading experts in ecology present new, innovative, views on quantitative patterns of biological diversity.

Print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

English.

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