Persistent traditions : a long-term perspective on communities in the process of Neolithisation in the lower Rhine Area (5500-2500 cal BC) / proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus Prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op donderdag 19 december 2013 klokke 15.00 uur ; door Luc Winand Sophia Wilhelm Amkreutz, geboren te Heerlen, Nederland in 1978.

Proefschrift (Doctor)--Universiteit Leiden, 2013.

Includes bibliographical references.

Online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed February 3, 2014).

From Hardinxveld to Noordhoorn and beyond; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Research aims: point of departure; 1.3 Research area and dataset; 1.4 Structure and methodology: a road map; 1.5 Background; Notes; Thoughts in transition -- A European perspective; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The mechanics of spread; 2.3 In search of causality; 2.4 Back to Basics?; 2.5 Defining scope; Notes; Thoughts on transition -- The Lower Rhine Area; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Neolithic successions: a brief overview; 3.3 On the fringe ... ; 3.3.1 Cultural developments; 3.3.2 Material developments and contact.

3.3.3 Introducing domesticates and cultigens3.3.4 Settling down?; 3.4 Factors of perception; 3.4.1 Bias I: the upland-wetland dichotomy; 3.4.2 Bias II: the Scandinavian paragon; 3.4.3 Bias III: the constructs of Mesolithic and Neolithic; 3.5 Perspectives on Neolithisation; 3.6 Concluding remarks; Notes; Lower Rhine Area sites: a qualitative review; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 A regional distinction; 4.2.1 Mountainous zone; 4.2.2 Loess region; 4.2.3 Sandy uplands; 4.2.4 Wetlands; 4.2.5 River valleys; 4.3 Uplands and wetlands: contrasting contexts; 4.3.1 Preservation of artefacts.

4.3.2 Preservation of features4.3.3 Upland Bergschenhoek; 4.3.4 Artefacts, features and information; 4.3.5 Spatio-temporal patterning; 4.3.5.1 Vertical displacement of artefacts; 4.3.5.2 Horizontal displacement of artefacts; 4.3.5.3 Erosion, colluviation, slope effects and 'decapitated' sites; 4.3.6 Persistent places and consistent use; 4.3.6.1 Short duration -- direct change; 4.3.6.2 Medium duration -- mobility and the seasonal round; 4.3.6.3 Long duration -- persistent places; 4.3.6.4 Dealing with scales of patterning and disturbance; 4.3.7 A continuum of conditions.

4.4 Methodological perspectives4.4.1 Theory for patterning; 4.4.2 Research traditions in investigating Mesolithic and Neolithic sites; 4.4.3 General emphases in excavation practice; 4.4.4 Methodological characteristics of upland and wetland excavations; 4.4.4.1 Artefacts; 4.4.4.2 Features; 4.4.4.3 Chronology and dating; 4.4.4.4 Subsistence, seasonality and ecology; 4.4.4.5 Implications for establishing site-function; 4.4.5 A note on the limits and delimitation of sites; 4.4.6 Retaining a site approach?; 4.4.7 Current Dutch situation; 4.5 An archaeological site typology.

4.5.1 Prominent wetland sandy elevations (river dunes)4.5.2 Moderate wetland sandy elevations (coastal dunes and barriers up to c. 1m); 4.5.3 Low elevations (levees and low sandy elevations); 4.5.4 Multiple clusters; 4.5.5 Distorted sites; 4.5.6 Isolated sites and off-site finds; 4.5.7 Using site templates; 4.6 Representativeness; 4.6.1 Qualitative potential; 4.6.2 'They do things differently there?'; 4.6.3 Wetlands as active agents?; Notes; The Late Mesolithic -- diversity in uniformity?; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Chronological and cultural context; 5.2.1 Mesolithic chronology.

The adoption of agriculture is one of the major developments in human history. Archaeological studies have demonstrated that the trajectories of Neolithisation in Northwest Europe were diverse. This book presents a study into the archaeology of the communities involved in the process of Neolithisation in the Lower Rhine Area (5500-2500 cal BC). It elucidates the role played by the indigenous communities in relation to their environmental context and in view of the changes that becoming Neolithic brought about. This work brings together a comprehensive array of excavated archaeological sites in.

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