Pulp bleaching today / by Hans Ulrich Suess.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Brightening a brief history -- 3. Bleaching agents, properties and generation -- 3.1 Oxidizing agents, physical and chemical properties -- 3.1.1 Oxygen -- 3.1.2 Chlorine dioxide -- 3.1.3 Hydrogen peroxide -- 3.1.4 Peracetic acid -- 3.1.5 Ozone -- 3.2 Reducing agents, physical and chemical properties -- 3.2.1 Sodium dithionite -- 3.2.2 Sulfur dioxide -- 3.2.3 Formamidine sulfinic acid (FAS) -- 3.3 Enzymes -- 3.4 Supporting chemicals in bleaching -- 3.4.1 Caustic soda, oxidized white liquor -- 3.4.2 Sodium silicate -- 3.4.3 Sulfuric acid -- 3.4.4 Chelating agents (sequestrants) -- 3.4.5 Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) -- 3.5 Risk and safety phrases -- 4. Bleaching of chemical Pulp -- 4.1 Bleaching stages and sequences -- 4.2 Oxygen delignification -- 4.2.1 Process conditions -- 4.2.2 Impact of poor washing -- 4.2.3 Oxygen delignification of hardwood pulp -- 4.2.4 Trouble shooting in oxygen delignification -- 4.3 Hot acid hydrolysis -- 4.4 Chlorine dioxide -- 4.4.1 Chlorine dioxide delignification -- 4.4.2 Chlorine dioxide in bleaching -- 4.4.3 Modified chlorine dioxide delignification of hardwood pulps -- 4.4.4 Generation of halogenated organic compounds (AOX, VOX and OX). -- 4.4.5 Bleach plant control in D stages -- 4.4.6 Trouble shooting in D stages -- 4.5 Alkaline extraction -- 4.5.1 Oxidative reinforced extraction -- 4.5.2 Hydrogen peroxide in extraction -- 4.5.3 Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in bleaching -- 4.5.4 Other alkali sources in extraction -- 4.5.5 Extraction stage control -- 4.5.6 Trouble shooting in extraction -- 4.6 Hydrogen peroxide bleaching -- 4.6.1 Brown stock addition -- 4.6.2 Brightening of unbleached pulp -- 4.6.3 Second extraction stage peroxide application -- 4.6.4 Final bleaching with peroxide, high density storage bleaching -- 4.6.5 Catalyzed peroxide delignification/bleaching -- 4.6.6 Corrosion of titanium by alkaline peroxide -- 4.6.7 Trouble shooting in P stages -- 4.7 Ozone in pulp delignification -- 4.8 Exotic bleaching chemicals -- 4.8.1 Peracetic acid -- 4.8.2 Peroxymonosulfuric acid (Caro's acid) -- 4.8.3 Enzymes -- 4.8.4 Chlorine -- 4.8.5 Hypochlorite -- 4.8.6 Polyoxometalates -- 4.9 TCF bleaching of pulp -- 4.9.1 TCF bleaching of Kraft pulp -- 4.9.2 ECF 8220;light8221; bleaching of Kraft pulp -- 4.9.3 TCF bleaching of sulfite pulp -- 4.10 Yield in bleaching -- 4.11 Water consumption, effluent 8220;free8221; processes -- 5. Stability of brightness -- 5.1 Final bleaching with chlorine dioxide or peroxide -- 5.2 Final bleaching with peracetic acid or ozone -- 5.3 Brightness stability in TCF and ECF 8220;light8221; bleaching -- 6. Bleaching of mechanical pulp -- 6.1 Reductive bleaching -- 6.1.1 Bleaching with bisulfite -- 6.1.2 Bleaching with dithionite -- 6.2 Metals management, use of chelants (sequestering agents) -- 6.3 Bleaching with hydrogen peroxide -- 6.4 Conventional activation and stabilization -- 6.5 Modified peroxide activation -- 6.6 Technology of mechanical pulp bleaching -- 6.7 Control strategy in bleaching -- 6.8 Trouble shooting in mechanical pulp bleaching -- 7. Brightening of secondary fiber -- 7.1 Recycling of paper and board -- 7.2 Recycling for printing paper -- 7.3 Recycling.

Pulp bleaching has gone through dramatic changes in the last two decades. The process has moved from a discharge of toxic and poorly biodegradable effluent to a general acceptance of environmentally sound technology. This book describes the production of high quality pulp with high brightness and good yield making the best use of resources. It reviews basics and explains the potential of different chemicals in bleaching, their ideal reaction conditions and their limitations. This reference work should educate students in the art of bleaching, assist mill personnel in their continuous effort for process optimization and help research and technology managers to select successful targets. Overview of bleaching agents and processes Comprehensive economic and environmental solutions.

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