Terasirana pokrajina Goriških brd

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Agricultural terraces are the predominant landscape element in the Goriška brda region. These were once made by hand, but started being built mechanically after the Second World War. Reshaping slopes into terraces increases the amount of arable farmland. Farming, especially cultivation of vineyards and orchards, is still the most important industry in this region. The development of winegrowing has indelibly marked the image of the cultural landscape here.Terraces are mostly being abandoned in regions with market-oriented mechanized farming. Much of the formerly terraced land in upper Goriška brda is now completely overgrown or deteriorated. The former extent of these agricultural terraces cannot even be precisely determined using the land cadastre carried out under Emperor Franz I. In contrast, the agricultural terraces in lower Goriška brda are being constantly renovated.Maintenance of terraces prevents water loss and reduces soil erosion. When the shape of hillsides is changed, large quantities of soil are moved, and steep slopes are altered, this can cause land slippage and large areas can become unstable. Detailed study indicates that Goriška brda is exposed to a high risk of landslides.This study was carried out as part of Interreg project IIIB Alpine Space, titled "The Terraced Landscapes of the Alpine Arc" (ALPTER).

Monografija na primeru Goriških brd predstavlja slovenske izsledke v okviru mednarodnega raziskovalnega projekta, katerega glavni namen je preprečevanje propadanja terasiranih kmetijskih zemljišč v širšem območju Alp. S terasnim preoblikovanjem pobočij se povečuje obdelovalno kmetijsko zemljišče, preprečuje negativne učinke erozije, tudi erozije prsti, zadrži pa se tudi več vlage in podaljša talno vlažnost. Prevladujoča pokrajinska prvina v Goriških brdih so kulturne terase. Nekoč so terase urejali ročno, po drugi svetovni vojni pa so jih začeli graditi strojno. V zgornjih Goriških brdih je zaradi negativnih demografskih gibanj veliko nekdanjih terasiranih območij že popolnoma propadlih ali zaraščenih. Nasprotno kulturne terase v spodnjih Goriških brdih lastniki nenehno obnavljajo in posodabljajo. Knjiga ni le temeljit prispevek k obravnavi kulturnih teras, ampak je najbolj poglobljeno delo o Goriških brdih nasploh.

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Slovenian