Child abuse : harm and solutions / Arturo Loredo Abdalá, Hugo Juárez Olguin and Abigail Casas Muñoz, editors.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Diagnosis and ManagementClinical Manifestations; Medium and Long Term Consequences; Prevention; Primary Prevention; Secondary Prevention; Tertiary Prevention; References; Chapter 7; Parental Alienation Syndrome: A Growing Phenomenon; Abstract; Introduction; Historical Concept; Parental Separation: Epidemiological Facts; Divorce and Children; Impact on Families and Children; Definition of Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS); Triggering Factor; Controversies; Pas Suspiction Conditions; The Gravity of the Problem; Clinical Picture during the Evolution of the Process.

B. Actions of School TeachersC. Actions of the Teachers Assigned to Surveillance; D. Actions of the Students; E. Parents; Final Considerations and Strategies; References; Chapter 5; Ritualism: A Complex form of Child Abuse; Abstract; Introduction; Spiritualism; General Considerations; The Bar Spain Case; Growing Fanatism; How Ritualism Affects Children; Defenders of Christ; Sects in Internet; Expectations; References; Chapter 6; Sexual Abuse: Clinical and Preventive Aspects; Abstract; Introduction; Epidemiology; Definition; Classification; The Dynamics of Sexual Abuse.

Intro; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Chapter 1; Childhood Physical Abuse: The Serious Modality of Child Abuse; Abstract; Introduction; Historical Review; Definition of PA; Frequency of PA; Clinical Picture; Visible Clinical Expressions; Invisible Clinical Expressions; Bone Injury; Injury of Internal Organs; Differential Diagnosis; Risk Factors; Long-Term Consequences; Legal Notification; Prevention; References; Chapter 2; Abusive Head Trauma and the Strategies for Its Prevention; Abstract; Introduction; Why Does Abusive Head Trauma (AHT) Occur and How Is It Manifested?

Consequences of AHTFrequency of Abusive Head Trauma; Who Are the Most Susceptible to Suffer AHT?; Which Are the Risk Factors?; How Much Does the Care of AHT Patients Cost?; How Can It Be Prevented?; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3; Fetal Abuse: An Ignonimious Phenomenon; Abstract; Introduction; Definition; Problem Analysis; Medical Approach; Doctor's Role and Drug Prescriptions; Exposure to Prescribed Drugs or by Self-Medication; Genetic Diseases; Personal and Family Environments of the Mother; Alcoholism; Smoking; Ilicit Drug Consumption; Cocaine; Crack; Marihuana; Opioids; LSD.

Nutritional Status of the MotherAggregated Risks; Fetal Abuse. High Risk Future Mothers; Basic Concepts; Poverty; Teenage Pregnancy; Legal Situation; References; Chapter 4; Bullying or Peer Abuse; Abstract; Introduction; Recent Studies; Actors in Bullying; The Victim; The Aggressor; The Witnesses; Site of Occurrence of the Phenomenon; Modalities of Bullying; Extreme Actions; Intervention of the Parents; What Should Be Done Once the Diagnosis Is Established?; Preventive Program; Basic Actions; Initial Activity; Specific Actions; Procedure; Students; A. Actions of the Administrative Authority.

Child abuse is a modality of violence against children and adolescents which remains to be comprehensively attended. The complexity of the problem implies not only the clinical manifestations (physical, sexual and psychological abuses and neglect), but also the social component (social determinants for health) as well as the judicial implication. This makes the suspicion, diagnosis, comprehensive care of each case, the physical and emotional rehabilitation of each patient, and the strategies for the prevention of this phenomenon very difficult. Undoubtedly, child abuse is fraught with enormous emotional and economic loads for the child, the family and society. In the light of the abovementioned facts, the propositions in this book lie in the presentation and development of the most frequent and known modalities of child abuse. These modalities include physical, sexual and psychological abuses and neglect, as well as other forms like fetal abuse, ethnic maltreatment, abuse among peers, bullying, and parental alienation among others that are little known or barely considered; hence, these latter issues are not frequently seen by physicians, nurses, social workers, psychologists, lawyers, etc. In addition, some preventive programs that have been successful as viable strategies in many countries of the world are proposed. The aim of this book is to give a wide vision on the knowledge concerning child abuse, based on the analysis of behaviors and attitudes and revising some new strategies ensuing from information furnished by research works. The authors are convinced that the consideration of these concepts would definitely permit the elaboration of optimum and specific management for this population.

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