Energy economics : understanding and interpreting energy poverty in China / by Yi-Ming Wei, Hua Liao.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Print version record.

Front Cover -- Energy Economics: Understanding and Interpreting Energy Poverty in China -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Global Energy Development and Energy Poverty -- 1.1. General Situation of Energy Development in the World -- 1.1.1. Energy Consumption Increases Steadily, but the Growth Rates Vary among Countries -- 1.1.2. Fossil Energy Dominates World's Energy Consumption, while Renewable Energy Develops Rapidly -- 1.1.3. World Fossil Energy Reserves Are Still Rich but Distribute Unevenly -- 1.1.4. Energy Trade Predominated by Crude Oil, but Natural Gas Trade Is Growing Rapidly -- 1.1.5. Energy Poverty Exists Widely, Especially in Developing Countries -- 1.2. Characteristics of China's Energy Development -- 1.2.1. The Increasing Energy Supply and Consumption and External Dependence -- 1.2.2. The Energy Industrial System Is Relatively Intact, Production-Supply-Demand Structure Is Different from Developed Countries -- 1.2.3. Reverse Distribution of Coal Supply and Demand Leads to Large-scale and Long-distance Transportation. -- 1.2.4. There Is a Large Oil Gap in China, and Oil Consumption for Transport Is Increasing Rapidly -- 1.2.5. The Supply and Demand of Gas Increased, Together with the Population that Uses Gas -- 1.2.6. Power Supply Structure Optimize, Companied by Increasing Quantity of Power Inter-district Scheduling -- 1.2.7. Problem of Energy Resources Shortage Has Not Been Solved and Modern Energy Services System Is Established Preliminarily -- 1.3. New Changes and Pattern of Energy Development in the World and China -- 1.3.1. The World Economy Is Steadily Developed, and the Uncertain Factors of the International Energy Market Are Reducing.

1.3.2. The World Energy Pattern Is Undergoing a Profound Adjustments, American "Energy Independence" Has Set up a Substantial Step -- 1.3.3. The Difficulty of China's Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Increases, Making it Harder to Controlling Both Carbon Dioxide Emissions Total Amount and Intensity -- 1.3.4. China Has Serious Air Pollution, and the Prevention Work Has Been Highly Valued -- 1.4. The Existing Situation of Energy Poverty -- 1.4.1. Universal Service Level of Electricity in Developing Countries Is Low, Increasing the Difficulty of Global Poverty Reduction -- 1.4.2. Household Energy in Developing Countries Relies on Traditional Biomass Causing Prominent Environment and Health Problems -- 1.4.3. Proportions of Household Energy Expenditure of Residents with Energy Poverty in Developed Countries Are High, Making the Impact on Social Justice -- 1.5. Addressing Energy Poverty: Action Plan from International Organizations -- 1.5.1. The United Nations: A Global Initiative -- Sustainable Energy for All -- 1.5.1.1. Actions and Commitments -- 1.5.1.2. Household Energy Practices and the Millennium Development Goals -- 1.5.2. World Health Organization: Focus on Solid Fuel Use, Indoor Air Pollution, and Health -- 1.5.2.1. Interventions Aimed at Reducing Health Risks Caused by Indoor air Pollution -- 1.5.2.2. World Health Organization's Response to Indoor Air Pollution -- 1.5.3. International Energy Agency: Evaluations of Energy Poverty in Developing Countries Continually -- 1.5.3.1. Energy Poverty and Development -- 1.5.3.2. Energy Development Index (EDI) -- 1.5.4. The World Bank: Responses to the "Sustainable Energy for All" Initiative -- 1.5.4.1. The Sustainable Energy for All Global Tracking Framework Report -- 1.5.4.2. The Implementation of Relevant Measures and Projects -- References.

Chapter 2 Measurements and General Characteristics of Energy Poverty in China -- 2.1. Concepts of Energy Poverty -- 2.1.1. Overviews of Energy Poverty -- 2.1.2. Definition of Energy Poverty in China in This Chapter -- 2.2. Measurement Methods of Energy Poverty and Its Applicability to China -- 2.2.1. Measurement Methods Based on Energy Availability -- 2.2.2. Measurement Methods Based on the Quality of Energy Service -- 2.2.3. Measurement Methods Based on the Satisfaction of Energy Demand for Human Survival and Development -- 2.2.4. The Applicability Analysis of Major Energy Poverty Measurement Methods for China -- 2.2.4.1. The applicability analysis based on data availability -- 2.2.4.2. The applicability analysis based on indicators rationality -- 2.2.4.2.1. Inapplicable indicators and standards of measurement for China's energy poverty -- 2.2.4.2.2. Adjusted indicators and standards of measurement for China's energy poverty -- 2.2.4.2.3. Applicable indicators and standards of measurement to China's energy poverty -- 2.3. Characteristics of Energy Poverty in China -- 2.3.1. Power Has Been Fully Covered and the Commercial Energy Consumption Increases Constantly -- 2.3.2. Differences of Household Energy Use in Urban and Rural Are Significant and the Energy Poverty in Rural Is Prominent -- 2.3.3. Geographical Differences in Rural Household Energy Use Are Significant and the Energy Consumption Is Dominated by Solid Fuel -- 2.3.4. Rural Energy Facilities Are Inefficient and Outdated and the Penetration Rate of Clean Cooking Utensils Is Low -- 2.3.5. Household Energy Prices Rise and the Proportions of Household Energy Expenditure in Urban and Rural Are Differentiated -- 2.4. Chapter Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 Energy Poverty in China: A Comprehensive Assessment and Region-specific Comparison.

3.1. Indicators and Methods for Comprehensive Assessment of Energy Poverty -- 3.1.1. Design Principles of Comprehensive Assessment Index System for Energy Poverty -- 3.1.1.1. Comprehensiveness -- 3.1.1.2. Expansibility -- 3.1.1.3. Scientificity -- 3.1.1.4. Systematicness and independence -- 3.1.1.5. Feasibility -- 3.1.2. Functional Orientation of CAIS for EP -- 3.1.2.1. An objective reflection of China's EP levels -- 3.1.2.2. The establishment of a scientific and practical CAIS of EP -- 3.1.2.3. Offering intellectual support and information resources for government decision-making -- 3.1.3. Comprehensive Assessment Index System for China's Energy Poverty -- 3.1.3.1. Energy service availability -- 3.1.3.2. Energy consumption cleanliness -- 3.1.3.3. Completeness of energy management -- 3.1.3.4. Residential energy consumption affordability and efficiency -- 3.1.4. Calculation Method for Comprehensive Assessment of Energy Poverty -- 3.2. Comprehensive Assessment of China's Energy Poverty -- 3.2.1. The Overall Status of EP Is Alleviating -- 3.2.2. Improved Energy Service Availability -- 3.2.3. Insignificant Change in Cleanliness of Energy Consumption (ECC) -- 3.2.4. Undulations of Energy Management Completeness in the Process of Improvement -- 3.2.5. Continuous Improvement of Affordability and Efficiency of Residential Energy (EAE) -- 3.3. Region-Specific Comparison of China's Energy Poverty -- 3.3.1. The Situation of Comprehensive EP in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River and the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River IsParticularly Prominent -- 3.3.2. Relatively Low Energy Service Availability in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River -- 3.3.3. Relatively Low Energy Consumption Cleanliness in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River -- 3.3.4. Relatively Poor Energy Management Completeness in the Eastern Coastal Regions.

3.3.5. Relatively Poor Household Energy Affordability and Energy Efficiency in Northeast China -- 3.4. Characteristics and Variation Trends of Regional Energy Poverty in China -- 3.5. Policy Recommendations to Eliminate EP in China -- 3.5.1. Beef Up Investment in Energy Infrastructure in Rural Areas and Strengthen the Construction of Rural Energy Management and Promotion Agencies -- 3.5.2. Promoting the Proportion of Non-Solid Commercial Energy Consumption and Promoting the Use of Modern and Clean Biomass Energy -- 3.5.3. Reducing the Relative Costs of Commercial Energy Consumption for Households and Encouraging the Use of Modern, Clean, and Efficient Residential Energy Consumption Equipment -- 3.6. Chapter Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Impacts of Energy Poverty on the Health of Urban Residents -- 4.1. Research Progress of Energy Poverty and Urban Public Health -- 4.1.1. In Developing Countries: Considering Inadequate Energy Supply, Focusing on Influences of Air Pollution on Public Health -- 4.1.2. In Developed Countries: Considering High Energy Expenditure, Focusing on Efficiency and Impacts of Relevant Policies on Public Health -- 4.2. Residential Energy Consumption and Energy Poverty in Urban China -- 4.2.1. Urban Commercial Energy Consumption Is Much Higher Than Rural, but Still Quite Low Compared with Developed Countries -- 4.2.2. Energy Consumption Structure Keeps Optimizing, and the Proportion of Clean Energy Keeps Increasing -- 4.2.3. Infrastructure Construction for Urban Energy Provision Is Improving, and Penetration of Natural Gas Is Increasing -- 4.3. Energy Poverty and Urban Residents' Health -- 4.3.1. The Low Indoor Heat Comfort is an Important Factor Harming Residents' Health in China -- 4.3.2. Indoor Air Pollution Caused by Fuel Choice and Energy Consumption Leads to Direct Hazards to Residents' Health.

Energy Economics: Understanding and Interpreting Energy Poverty in China presents a succinct overview of research on China's Energy Poverty as studied by the Center for Energy & Environmental Policy Research (CEEP), Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT).

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