Carbon: the next silicon? Book 2, Applications / Marc J. Madou, Victor H. Perez-Gonzalez, and Bidhan Pramanick.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Carbon MEMS for magnetic resonance -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Introduction to MR -- 1.3 Characterization of pyrolytic carbon using MR -- 1.4 NMR for key carbon MEMS applications and devices -- 1.5 Future opportunities -- 1.6 Conclusions -- References.

2. Fluid and particle manipulation using C-MEMS -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Solid-state electric-field-driven pumps -- 2.3 Fully functional AC electroosmotic micropump using C-MEMS -- 2.4 An alternative method for increasing pumping efficiency: shaped 3D planar electrodes -- 2.5 Additional flow effects induced by nonuniform AC electric fields -- 2.6 Dielectrophoretic particle manipulation in C-MEMS -- 2.7 Summary -- References.

3. Carbon MEMS for selected lab-on-a-chip applications -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Background -- 3.3 Fabrication -- 3.4 Selected LOC applications -- 3.5 Perspective on a C-MEMS LOC -- References.

4. Glassy carbon microelectrodes for neural signal sensing and stimulation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Background in neural probes -- 4.3 Fabrication process and packaging -- 4.4 Electrode characterizations -- 4.5 Discussion -- 4.6 Conclusions -- References -- Terminology.

5. C-MEMS-based on-chip microsupercapacitors -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Basic concepts -- 5.3 Fabrication process -- 5.4 C-MEMS-based microsupercapacitors -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References.

6. Advanced electroanalysis with C-MEMS -- 6.1 Characteristics of pyrolyzed photoresist carbon electrodes -- 6.2 Trace metal ions analysis with pyrolyzed photoresist carbon electrodes -- 6.3 Electroanalysis of organic analytes with pyrolyzed photoresist carbon electrodes -- 6.4 Conclusions and prospects -- References.

7. C-MEMS-based 3D interdigitated electrode arrays for redox amplification -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Background -- 7.3 Methods to IDEAs fabrication -- 7.4 State of the art in C-MEMS-based IDEAs for redox amplification applications -- 7.5 Concluding remarks -- References -- Index.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopies are well-known characterization techniques that reveal the molecular details of a sample non-invasively. We not only discuss how NMR can provide useful information on the microstructure of carbon and its surface properties, but also explain how C-MEMS/C-NEMS technology can be explored for building improved NMR microdevices. The manipulation of fluids and particles by dielectrophoresis and the use of carbon electrodes for dielectrophoresis in Lab-on-a-Chip applications is also discussed. The use of these electrodes in sample preparation through electrical polarization of a sample for identification, manipulation and lysis of bioparticles is emphasized. A new generation of neural prosthetics based on glassy carbon micromachined electrode arrays is introduced. The tuning of the electrical, electrochemical and mechanical properties of these patternable electrodes for applications in bio-electrical signal recording and stimulation, and results from in-vivo testing of these glassy carbon microelectrode arrays is reported, demonstrating a quantifiable superior performance compared to metal electrodes. Also the merits of high aspect ratio 3D C-MEMS/C-NEMS electrodes is made abundantly clear. When using carbon Interdigitated Electrode Arrays (IDEAS) the lower limits of detection (LODs) are often equivalent or better that those of the much more complicated and expensive optical fluorescence sensing schemes.

Title from PDF title page (viewed on January 27, 2016).

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