Quantum engineering : theory and design of quantum coherent structures / A.M. Zagoskin.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 315-326) and index.

"Quantum engineering - the design and fabrication of quantum coherent structures - has emerged as a field in physics with important potential applications. This book provides a self-contained presentation of the theoretical methods and experimental results in quantum engineering. The book covers topics such as the quantum theory of electric circuits, theoretical methods of quantum optics in application to solid state circuits, the quantum theory of noise, decoherence and measurements, Landauer formalism for quantum transport, the physics of weak superconductivity and the physics of two-dimensional electron gas in semiconductor heterostructures. The theory is complemented by up-to-date experimental data to help put it into context. Aimed at graduate students in physics, the book will enable readers to start their own research and apply the theoretical methods and results to their current experimental situation"-- Provided by publisher

Print version record.

Cover; Title; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Preface; 1 Quantum mechanics for quantum engineers; 1.1 Basic notions of quantum mechanics; 1.1.1 Quantum axioms; 1.1.2 Quantum -- classical boundary: the Schrödinger's cat paradox; 1.2 Density matrix formalism; 1.2.1 Justification and properties; 1.2.2 Averages, probabilities and coherences; 1.2.3 Entanglement; 1.2.4 Liouville -- von Neumann equation; 1.2.5 Wigner function; 1.2.6 Perturbation theory for density matrix. Linear response theory; 1.2.7 Fluctuation-dissipation theorem; 1.3 Evolution of density matrix in open systems.

1.3.1 Getting rid of the environment1.3.2 Master equation for the density matrix; Lindblad operators; 1.3.3 An example: a non-unitary evolution of a two-level system. Dephasing and relaxation; 1.3.4 *Non-unitary vs. unitary evolution; 1.4 Quantum dynamics of a two-level system; 1.4.1 Bloch vector and Bloch sphere; 1.4.2 Bloch equations and quantum beats; 1.4.3 Rabi oscillations; 1.4.4 *Rabi oscillations in the presence of dissipation; 1.5 Slow evolution of a quantum system; 1.5.1 Adiabatic theorem; 1.5.2 Landau -- Zener -- Stückelberg effect; 2 Superconducting quantum circuits.

2.1 Josephson effect2.1.1 Superconductivity: A crash course; 2.1.2 Weak superconductivity; 2.1.3 rf SQUID; 2.1.4 dc SQUID; 2.1.5 Current-biased Josephson junction; 2.2 Quantum effects in Josephson junctions. Phase and flux qubits; 2.2.1 Number and phase as quantum observables; 2.2.2 Phase qubit: Current-biased Josephson junction in quantum limit; 2.2.3 rf SQUID flux qubit; 2.3 Circuit analysis for quantum coherent structures. More flux qubits; 2.3.1 Lagrangian formalism for non-dissipative circuits; 2.3.2 Dissipative elements in a circuit -- Lagrange approach.

2.3.3 Hamilton and Routh functions for a circuit2.3.4 Second quantization formalism for circuits; 2.3.5 Persistent current flux qubit; 2.4 Charge qubits; 2.4.1 Charge regime: Normal conductors; 2.4.2 Charge regime: Superconductors; 2.4.3 Charge qubit; 2.4.4 Quantronium; 2.4.5 *Charge and quasicharge. Bloch oscillations; 2.5 Quantum inductance and quantum capacitance; 2.5.1 Quantum inductance; 2.5.2 Quantum capacitance; 2.6 *Superconductivity effects in normal conductors; 2.6.1 *Andreev reflection and proximity effect; 2.6.2 *Andreev levels and Josephson current in SNS junctions.

3 Quantum devices based on two-dimensional electron gas3.1 Quantum transport in two dimensions; 3.1.1 Formation of two-dimensional electron gas inheterojunction devices; 3.1.2 Conductance quantization in a point contact; 3.1.3 Quantum transport from scattering matrix: Landauer formalism. Landauer formula and its modifications; 3.1.4 Quantum point contact as a quantum detector; 3.1.5 *Back-action dephasing by a QPC detector: a more rigorous approach; 3.2 2DEG quantum dots; 3.2.1 Linear and nonlinear transport through a double quantum dot.

English.

eBooks on EBSCOhost EBSCO eBook Subscription Academic Collection - Worldwide