Mathematical logic / by Willard Van Orman Quine.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

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PREFACE, 1981 -- PREFACE TO THE REVISED EDITION -- PREFACE -- CONTENTS -- Introduction -- CHAPTER ONE. Statements -- 1. Conjunction, Alternation, and Denial -- 2. The Conditional -- 3. Iterated Composition -- 4. Use versus Mention -- 5. Statements about Statements -- 6. Quasi-Quotation -- 7. Parentheses and Dots -- 8. Reduction to Three Primitives -- 9. Reduction to One Primitive -- 10. Tautology -- 11. Selected Tautologous Forms -- CHAPTER TWO. Quantification -- 12. The Quantifier -- 13. FormulÃ? -- 14. Bondage, Freedom, Closure

15. Axioms of Quantification16. Theorems -- 17. Metatheorems -- 18. Substitutivity of the Biconditional -- 19. Existential Quantification -- 20. Distribution of Quantifiers -- 21. Alphabetic Variance -- CHAPTER THREE. Terms -- 22. Class and Member -- 23. Logical FormulÃ? -- 24. Abstraction -- 25. Identity -- 26. Abstraction Resumed -- 27. Descriptions and Names -- CHAPTER FOUR. Extended Theory of Classes -- 28. Stratification -- 29. Further Axioms of Membership -- 30. Substitutivity of Identity -- 31. Substitution for Variables

32. Further Consequences33. Logical Product, Sum, Complement -- 34. Inclusion -- 35. Unit Classes -- CHAPTER FIVE. Relations -- 36. Pairs and Relations -- 37. Abstraction of Relations -- 38. Converse, Image, Relative Product -- 39. The Ancestral -- 40. Functions -- 41. Abstraction of Functions -- 42. Identity and Membership as Relations -- CHAPTER SIX. Number -- 43. Zero, One, Successor -- 44. Natural Numbers -- 45. Counter Sets -- 46. Finite and Infinite -- 47. Powers of Relations -- 48. Arithmetical Sum, Product, Power

49. Familiar Identities of Arithmetic50. Ratios -- 51. Real Numbers -- 52. Further Extensions -- CHAPTER SEVEN. Syntax -- 53. Formality -- 54. The Syntactical Primitive -- 55. Protosyntax -- 56. Formula and Matrix Defined -- 57. Axioms of Quantification Defined -- 58. Theorem Defined -- 59. Protosyntax Self-Applied -- 60. Incompleteness -- APPENDIX. Theorem versus Metatheorem -- List of Definitions -- List of Theorems and Metatheorems -- Bibliographical References -- Index of Proper Names -- Index of Subjects

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