The morality of freedom / Joseph Raz.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

This book explores, within a liberal framework, the nature, significance, and justification of political freedom or liberty. Against recent liberal positions, it is argued that political morality is neither rights-based, nor equality-based. What underlies rights, and the value of freedom, is a concern with autonomy.

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Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1. THE PROBLEM OF POLITICAL FREEDOM -- 1. A Journey of Exploration -- 2. The Importance of Politics -- 3. The Revisionist Challenge -- 4. The Presumption of Liberty -- 5. The Simple Principle -- 6. The Inadequacy of Linguistic Analysis -- 7. Liberalism and Individualism -- I. The Bounds of Authority -- 2. AUTHORITY AND REASON -- 1. Authority and Justified Power -- 2. The Recognitional Conception -- 3. The Inspirational Conception -- 4. Content-Independent Reasons -- 3. THE JUSTIFICATION OF AUTHORITY -- 1. 'Surrendering One's Judgement'

2. The Dependence Thesis -- 3. The Justification of Authority -- 4. The Pre-emptive Thesis -- 5. Objections -- 4. THE AUTHORITY OF STATES -- 1. The Normal Justification of Political Authority -- 2. Consent -- 3. Consent as the Foundation of Authority -- 4. Respect for Law -- 5. The Political Obligation -- II. Anti-Perfectionism -- 5. NEUTRAL POLITICAL CONCERN -- 1. Forms of Neutrality -- 2. The Impossibility of Strict Political Neutrality -- 3. Neutrality and the Social Role of Justice -- 4. From Neutrality to Pluralism -- 6. THE EXCLUSION OF IDEALS -- 1. Preliminaries -- 2. Political Welfarism.

3. Treating People as Ends -- 4. Coercion and Autonomy -- 5. On Some Underlying Intuitions -- III. Individualistic Freedom: Liberty and Rights -- 7. THE NATURE OF RIGHTS -- 1. Rights: The Main Features -- 2. Core and Derivative Rights -- 3. The Correlativity of Rights and Duties -- 4. Holding Individuals to be Under a Duty -- 5. Promises and Agreements -- 6. Capacity for Rights -- 7. Rights and Interests -- 8. Rights and Duties -- 9. The Importance of Rights -- 8. RIGHT-BASED MORALITIES -- 1. Some Preliminary Doubts -- 2. Rights and Individualism -- 3. Autonomy and Rights -- 4. Collective Rights.

5. Intrinsic Duties -- 6. Rights and Narrow Morality -- 9. EQUALITY -- 1. The Problem -- 2. Equality as Universal Entitlement -- 3. Principles of Equal Distribution in Conflict -- 4. Egalitarian Principles -- 5. Rhetorical Egalitarianism -- 6. Strict Egalitarianism -- 7. The Presuppositions of Egalitarianism -- 8. The Rejection of Egalitarianism -- 10. LIBERTY AND RIGHTS -- 1. Is Liberty Based on Rights? -- 2. The Collective Aspect of Liberal Rights -- 3. An Alternative View of Constitutional Rights -- IV. Society and Value -- 11. CONSEQUENTIALISM: AN INTRODUCTION.

1. Consequentialism: Some Common Themes -- 2. Separateness of Persons: Trade-Offs -- 3. Separateness of Persons: Agent-Neutrality -- 4. Separateness of Persons: Integrity -- 12. PERSONAL WELL-BEING -- 1. Personal Goals -- 2. Well-Being and Self-Interest -- 3. Goals and Reasons -- 4. The Primacy of Action Reasons -- 5. Social Forms -- 6. The Inseparability of Morality and Well-Being -- 13. INCOMMENSURABILITY -- 1. The Concept -- 2. Incommensurability and Rough Equality -- 3. Denying Comparability -- 4. The Incomparability of Comprehensive Goals -- 5. Constitutive Incommensurabilities.

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