Involvement and attitude in Japanese discourse : interactive markers / Naomi Ogi.

Ph. D. Australian National University 2011

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 Introduction -- 1.1. Focus and aims -- 1.2. Discourse Markers and ìnteractive markers' -- 1.3. Scope of the study -- 1.4. Methodology -- 1.5. Data and presentation -- 1.6. Organisation of the study -- ch. 2 Approaches to interactive markers -- 2.1. Syntactical approach -- 2.2. Cognitive approach -- 2.2.1. Information-state-based account -- 2.2.2. Discourse-management-based account -- 2.2.3. Dialogue-coordination-based account -- 2.3. Illocutionary force -- 2.3.1. Insistence-compliance-based account -- 2.3.2. Authority-based account -- 2.4. Interactional approach -- 2.5. Social approach -- 2.5.1. Indexicality-based account -- 2.5.2. Politeness-based account -- 2.6. Summary -- ch. 3 Involvement, formality and gender in language use -- 3.1. Involvement -- 3.2. Formality -- 3.3. Gender -- 3.4. Summary -- ch. 4 Involvement and the speaker's attitudes -- 4.1. Involvement and the speaker's attitudes -- 4.2. Incorporative attitude and monopolistic attitude -- 4.3. Incorporative {ne, na} vs. monopolistic {yo, sa, wa, zo, ze} -- 4.4. Summary -- ch. 5 Incorporate markers ne and na -- 5.1. Ne -- 5.1.1. Previous studies okn ne -- 5.1.2. function of ne: Aligning with the hearer -- 5.1.2.1. crucial use of ne -- 5.1.2.2. optional use of ne -- 5.1.2.3. non-sentence-final use of ne -- 5.2. Na -- 5.2.1. Previous studies on na -- 5.2.2. function of na: Aligning with the hearer -- 5.2.2.1. crucial use of na -- 5.2.2.2. optional use of na -- 5.2.2.3. non-sentence-final use of na -- 5.3. impossible use of ne and na -- 5.4. common expressive effects of ne and na and their use in social contexts -- 5.4.1. Softening vs. strengthening -- 5.4.2. More frequent use in casual conversation -- 5.5. difference between ne and na -- 5.5.1. Special property of na: Camaraderie -- 5.5.2. Plain form da/ru and na -- 5.5.3. Polite form desu/masu and na -- 5.5.4. Gender and na -- 5.6. Summary -- ch. 6 Monopolistic markers yo and sa -- 6.1. Yo -- 6.1.1. Previous studies on yo -- 6.1.2. function of yo: Ensuring the hearer's understanding -- 6.1.3. expressive effects of yo and its use in social contexts -- 6.2. Sa -- 6.2.1. Relevant facts -- 6.2.2. Previous studies on sa -- 6.2.3. function of sa: Presenting the utterance as a matter of course for the speaker -- 6.2.4. expressive effects of sa and its use in social contexts -- 6.3. Summary -- ch. 7 Monopolistic markers wa, zo and ze -- 7.1. Modal expression daroo/deshoo s̀uppose' -- 7.2. Wa -- 7.2.1. Relevant facts -- 7.2.2. Previous studies on wa -- 7.2.3. function of wa: Delivering the utterance in a firm manner -- 7.2.4. expressive effects of wa and its use in social contexts -- 7.3. Zo -- 7.3.1. Relevant facts -- 7.3.2. Previous studies on zo -- 7.3.3. function of zo: Urging the hearer's understanding of an implied message -- 7.3.4. expressive effects of zo and its use in social contexts -- 7.4. Ze -- 7.4.1. Relevant facts -- 7.4.2. Previous studies on ze -- 7.4.3. function of ze: Enhancing the hearer's understanding of the speaker's belief in sharing -- 7.4.4. expressive effects of ze and its use in social contexts -- 7.5. Summary -- ch. 8 Conclusion -- 8.1. Function of each marker -- 8.2. Implications -- 8.2.1. Involvement in spoken discourse -- 8.2.2. Interface between language and culture -- 8.2.3. Sociocultural understanding in the second/foreign language education -- 8.2.4. Japanese and the expressions of formality and gender -- 8.3. Concluding remarks.

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