Theology and society in the second and third century of the Hijra. Vol. 1. A history of religious thought in early Islam / josef van Ess.

Translator's Acknowledgements; Preface; List of the Most Frequent Abbreviations (Excluding Journals); Part A Prelude: Characteristics of Islamic Religiosity in the 1st Century; Chapter 1 Setting the Seal on Prophecy; Chapter 2 The Awareness of Being Chosen and IdentityFormation; 2.1 Symbols of Islamic Identity in the Caliphate of ʻAbd al-Malik; 2.2 Early Evidence in the Literary Tradition; Chapter 3 Community and Individual; 3.1 Faith and the Promise of Paradise; 3.2 Consciousness of Sin and Individual Responsibility; 3.3 Divine Grace and Predestination

Chapter 4 Specific Religious Developments around the Turn of the 2nd Century4.1 The Image of the Prophet; 4.2 The Koran; Chapter 5 The Spread of the Faith; 5.1 The Literary Instruments for Conveying the Faith; 5.1.1 The Creation of Dialectical Theology; 5.1.2 The Prospect; Part B The Islamic Provinces in the 2nd Century; Introductory Remark on Methodology; Chapter 1 Syria; 1.0 General Basic Features; 1.1 The Relationship with the Shīʻa; 1.2 The Qadariyya; 1.2.1 The Question of Origin; 1.2.2 Ghaylān al-Dimashqī and His Environment; 1.2.3 Ghaylān's Aftereffect; 1.2.4 Yazīd III's Putsch

1.2.4.1 Yazīd III's Accession Sermon1.2.4.2 Further Developments up to the Time of Marwān II; 1.2.5 The Qadarites under Yazīd III; 1.2.5.1 Damascus; 1.2.5.2 Qadarites from Palestine; 1.2.5.3 Qadarites from Ḥimṣ; 1.2.6 Later Qadarites; 1.2.7 General Conclusions; 1.2.8 The Further Iraqi Development of Ghaylān's Doctrine; 1.2.8.1 The Epistles of Ghaylān and the Ghaylān Legend; 1.2.9 ʻUmar II and the Qadariyya; 1.3 A Case of Heresy; 1.4 Syrian Murjiʼites; 1.4.1 "Jahmites"; 1.5 From Asceticism to Mysticism; Chapter 2 Iraq; 2.0 Preliminary General Remarks; 2.1 Kūfa; 2.1.1 The Murjiʼa

2.1.1.1 The Oldest Representatives of the Murjiʼa in Kūfa2.1.1.2 The Delegation to ʻUmar II; 2.1.1.3 Two Murjiʼite Poems; 2.1.1.4 The Polemic Against the Murjiʼa in the Sīrat Sālim b. Dhakwān; 2.1.1.5 The K. al-Irjāʼ; 2.1.1.6 The Spectrum of the Murjiʼa up to 150 Hijrī; 2.1.1.7 The Circle of Abū Ḥanīfa; 2.1.1.7.1 The Precursors; 2.1.1.7.2 On the Life and Aftereffects of Abū Ḥanīfa; 2.1.1.7.3 Abū Ḥanīfa's Theological Views; 2.1.1.7.3.1 The Letter to ʻUthmān al-Battī; 2.1.1.7.3.1.1 Comparison with Other Early Ḥanafite Writings; 2.1.1.7.3.2 A Second Letter to ʻUthmān al-Battī

2.1.1.7.3.3 The So-Called Fiqh akbar (I)2.1.1.7.3.4 The Image of God. The Political Theory; 2.1.1.7.4 Contemporaries of Abū Ḥanīfa; 2.1.1.8 The Kūfan Murjiʼa after Abū Ḥanīfa; 2.1.1.9 The Reform of Ghassān b. Abān; 2.1.2 Anti-Murjiʼite Currents in Kūfa; 2.1.2.1 Sufyān al-Thawrī; 2.1.2.2 Ṣūfīs; 2.1.2.3 Qadarites; 2.1.3 The Shīʻa; 2.1.3.1 "Shīʻitizing" Traditionists; 2.1.3.2 The Zaydiyya; 2.1.3.2.1 The Butriyya; 2.1.3.2.1.1 The "Weak" Zaydīs; 2.1.3.2.2 The Jārūdiyya; 2.1.3.2.2.1 The Shaping of Jārūdite Thought; 2.1.3.2.2.2 The Later Development; 2.1.3.2.3 Early Zaydī Splinter Groups

Theology and Society' is the most comprehensive study of Islamic intellectual and religious history, focusing on Muslim theology. With its emphasis on the eighth and ninth centuries CE, it remains the most detailed prosopographical study of the early phase of the formation of Islam. Originally published in German between 1991 and 1995, Theology and Society is a monument of scholarship and a unique scholarly enterprise which has stood the test of the time as an unparalleled reference work. 0Translated from German by John O'Kane.

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