Pollution status, environmental protection, and renewable energy production in marine systems / editors, Ahmed El Nemr.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

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POLLUTION STATUS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, AND RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION IN MARINE SYSTEMS ; POLLUTION STATUS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, AND RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION IN MARINE SYSTEMS ; CONTENTS; PREFACE ; Chapter 1 THE POLLUTION STATUS ALONG THE RED SEA: A REVIEW ; ABSTRACT; 1. DESCRIPTION OF AREA; 2. EGYPT; 3. JORDAN ; 4. SAUDI ARABIA; 5. YEMEN ; 6. SUDAN ; 7. ISRAEL; 8. POLLUTION STATUS ALONG RED SEA ; REFERENCES ; Chapter 2 ADSORPTION OF THE ANIONIC DYE DIRECT RED 23 ONTO NEW ACTIVATED CARBONS DEVELOPED FROM CYNARA CARDUNCULUS: KINETICS, EQUILIBRIUM AND THERMODYNAMICS

ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION ; 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS ; 2.1. Preparation of Dye Solution ; 2.2. Biomass ; 2.3. Activated Carbon from Artichoke ; 2.4. Effect of pH on DR 23 Adsorption ; 2.5. Effect of Activated Carbon Dose ; 2.6. Kinetics Studies ; 2.7. Adsorption Isotherm ; 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ; 3.1. Influence of pH; 3.2. Effect of Contact Time ; 3.3. Effect of Carbon Mass on Dye Adsorption ; 3.4. Adsorption Isotherms; 3.4.1. Freundlich Isotherm ; 3.4.2. Langmuir Isotherm ; 3.4.3. Tempkin Isotherm ; 3.4.4. Flory-Huggins Isotherm ; 3.4.5. Halsey Model ; 3.5. Best-Fit Isotherm Model

3.5.1. The Average Percentage Errors (APE) 3.5.2. The Hybrid Fractional Error (HYBRID) ; 3.5.3. The Chi-Square Error (X2) ; 3.5.4. The Sum of the Squares of the Errors (ERRSQ) ; 3.5.5. Marquardt's Percent Standard Deviation (MPSD) ; 3.5.6. The Sum of the Absolute Errors (EABS) ; 3.5.7. The Root Mean Square Errors (RMS) ; 3.6. Adsorption Kinetic Study ; 3.6.1. Pseudo-First-Order Kinetic Model ; 3.6.2. Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetic Model ; 3.6.3. Elovich Kinetic Equation ; 3.6.4. Intra-Particle Diffusion Model ; CONCLUSION ; REFERENCES

Chapter 3 MERCURY AS TOXIC METALS LEVELS IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS ALONG ALEXANDRIA WEST COAST, EGYPT ABSTRACT ; 1. INTRODUCTION ; 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS ; 2.1. Study Area ; 2.2. Sampling and Analyses ; 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ; 3.1. Sediment Types; 3.2. Organic Carbon ; 3.3. Total Carbonate ; 3.4. Total Iron ; 3.5. Total mercury Distributions; 3.6. Enrichment Factor (EF) ; CONCLUSION ; REFERENCES ; Chapter 4 ESSENTIAL, NON-ESSENTIAL METALS AND HUMAN HEALTH ; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION ; 1. ESSENTIAL METALS; 1.1. Iron ; Iron Metabolism ; 1.2. Copper ; Copper Metabolism ; 1.3. Zinc

Protective Role Metabolism ; 1.4. Magnesium ; Effect of Magnesium on the Fidelity of DNA Replication ; 1.5. Calcium; Molecular Actors Controlling Ca2+-Dependent Gene Regulation ; 1.6. Manganese ; Manganese Essentiality; Manganese Toxicity ; 1.7. Chromium ; Chromium, Biological Reluctant and Free Radicals and Activation of Transcription Factors; 1.8. Cobalt; Cobalt and Free Radicals ; 1.9. Vanadium ; Vanadium as a Therapeutic Agent ; Vanadium and Reactive Oxygen Species ; 1.10. Molybdenum; The Molybdenum Cofactor ; Molybdenum Cofactor Deficiency and Therapy in Humans ; Molybdenum Enzymes

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