Researching Northern English / edited by Raymond Hickey, University of Duisburg and Essen.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

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Researching Northern English; Editorial page; Title page; LCC data; Table of contents; Preface; The North of England and Northern English; 1. Introduction; 2. The geography of the North; 3. The urban North; 4. The linguistic North; 5. Awareness of the North; 6. Topics and themes in Northern English; 6.1 Language and culture; 6.1.1 Enregisterment of Northern features; 6.1.2 The historical phonology of Northern English; 6.1.3 The grammar of Northern English; 6.1.4 Northern English vocabulary; 6.2 Variation and change within the North; 6.2.1 Newcastle; 6.2.2 Sunderland.

6.2.3 Carlisle and Cumbria6.2.4 Sheffield; 6.2.5 Middlesbrough; 6.2.6 Lancashire; 6.2.7 Manchester; 6.2.8 Merseyside; 6.3 Transitions and borders; 6.3.1 Where to draw the line: Perceptions of the North; 6.3.2 Between the South and the North: The Midlands and the Fens; 6.3.3 Further than the North: Scotland; 6.3.4 Non-native Northern English; 7. Conclusion; References; PART I. The North of England. Language and Culture; The enregisterment of Northern English; 1. Indexicality and enregisterment; 2. Enregisterment and the history of Northern English; 2.1 The beginning.

2.2 Early Modern English (1500-1700)2.3 Late Modern English 1700-1900; 3. Case study: Nineteenth-century Yorkshire; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Geographical and social mobility; 3.3 Awareness of Yorkshire dialect; 3.4 The "Yorkshire character" versus "barbarous jargon"; 4. Conclusion; References; The Great Vowel Shift in the North of England; 1. Introduction; 2. Background; 2.1 Old English; 2.2 Middle English; 3. The Great Vowel Shift; 3.1 Data and methods; 3.2 Results; 4. Conclusion; References; Morphosyntactic features of Northern English; 1. Introduction.

1.1 The North -- South divide in grammatical terms2. Northern grammars; 2.1 The verb phrase; 2.1.1 The Northern Subject Rule (NSR); 2.1.2 Negation; 2.1.3 Modal auxiliaries; 2.2 The noun phrase ; 2.2.1 The definite article; 2.2.2 Personal pronouns; 2.2.2.1 First person pronouns; 2.2.2.2 Second person pronouns; 2.2.2.3 Third person pronouns; 2.2.2.4 Reflexive pronouns; 2.2.3 Relative markers; 2.2.3.1 WH-strategies; 2.2.3.2 What; 2.2.3.3 As/at; 2.2.3.4 Zero; 3. Discussion; References; The history of present indicative morphosyntax from a northern perspective; 1. Introduction.

2. The competition of verbal -s/ -th in third person singular contexts 3. The competition of the -th, -s and zero suffix in plural present indicative contexts. The origin and diffusion of the Northern Subject Rule; 4. The extension of -s to the first person singular and the NSR in this environment; 5. Discussion: What is the Northern Subject Rule?; 6. Conclusion; References; Northern English; 1. Introduction; 2. Northern English in The Salamanca Corpus; 3. Data selected for analysis; 4. Northern English historical lexis and spelling.

Northern English has become the focus of intensive research in the past decade or so, following on a series of dedicated conferences. The present book brings together leading-edge contributions on various aspects of language use, variation and change in the North of England. The volume covers the history of English in this area as well as providing incisive studies of both the varieties of English spoken in cities and in larger parts of the area. In addition, the collection contains a number of interface studies, e.g. concerned with the borders of the North of England, both to Scotland and the South of England or dealing with second-language varieties of Northern English or with additional issues, such as enregisterment. All these contributions help to draw a comprehensive picture of this key area of the English-speaking world and point the way forward for future research.

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