Nonmanuals in sign language / edited by Annika Herrmann, Markus Steinbach.

Print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Computer-generated three-dimensional animation holds great promise for synthesizing utterances in American Sign Language (ASL) that are not only grammatical, but well-tolerated by members of the Deaf community. Unfortunately, animation poses several challenges stemming from the necessity of grappling with massive amounts of data. However, the linguistics of ASL may aid in surmounting the challenge by providing structure and rules for organizing animation data. An exploration of the linguistic and extralinguistic behavior of the brows from an animator's viewpoint yields a new approach for synth.

Nonmanuals in Sign Language; Editorial page ; Title page ; LCC data ; Table of contents; Nonmanuals in sign languages; 1. What do nonmanual articulators reveal about the grammar of sign languages?; 2. Content of this book; Acknowledgements; References; Syntax and prosodic consequences in ASL; 1. Introduction; 1.1 The puzzle; 1.2 Methodology and consultation; 2. Background on multiple wh-questions; 2.1 Stacked wh-question; 2.2 Coordinated wh-question (wh & whQ); 2.2.1 Coordinated wh-questions -- the 'at all-reading'; 2.2.2 Coordinated wh-questions -- the 'it-reading'

2.3 Multi-dominance in coordinated wh-questions2.3.1 The 'at all-reading' as 'non-bulk shared'; 2.3.2 The 'it-reading' as 'bulk shared'; 3. Background on wh-questions in ASL; 3.1 ASL single wh-questions; 3.1.1 The leftward analysis of wh-movement in ASL; 3.1.2 The rightward analysis of wh-movement in ASL; 3.2 ASL multiple wh-questions; 3.3 An alternative analysis: Remnant Movement; 4. Deriving three types of multiple wh-questions in ASL with distinct derivations; 4.1 Remnant movement analysis of stacked multiple wh-questions.

4.2 Deriving wh & wh-question 'at all-reading' via Parallel Merge and Remnant Movement4.3 Deriving wh & wh-question it-readings via Parallel Merge and Remnant Movement; 5. Analyzing the derivations to capture prosodic consequences; 5.1 Background on ASL phrasal level prosodic nonmanuals; 5.1.1 Wh-marking; 5.1.2 Focused wh-marking; 5.2 Background on syntax-prosody interaction; 5.2.1 Prosodic stress; 5.2.2 Prosodic subordination and prosodic breaks; 5.3 Prosodic consequences and new generalizations; 5.3.1 Prosodic reset as a result of A-bar movement.

5.3.2 Prosodic breaks as a result of A-bar movement6. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; Negation in Turkish Sign Language; 1. Introduction: Why study negation in TİD from a syntactic perspective?; 2. Background: The syntax of TİD; 3. The data: Source, annotation, and distributional report for negation; 4. The syntax of negation in TİD; 5. Summary; Acknowledgments; References; Eye gaze and verb agreement in German Sign Language; 1. Introduction; 2. Theoretical background; 2.1 The Boston Group; 2.2 The San Diego Group; 2.3 The Berlin Student; 3. Eye gaze in German Sign Language.

3.1 The experiment3.2 The results; 3.3 The scope of eye gaze; 4. Discussion; Acknowledgments; References; Appendix; Mouth gestures in British Sign Language; 1. Mouth actions in sign languages; 2. Adverbial mouth gestures; 3. The 'th' mouth gesture in BSL; 4. Methodology; 5. Data; 6. Results; 6.1 Distribution of tongue protrusion; 6.2 Individual variation; 7. Conclusion; Acknowledgements; References; Nonmanual markings for topic constructions in Hong Kong Sign Language; 1. Introduction; 2. Topics in spoken languages; 2.1 Some areas of controversies; 2.2 Markings of topics in spoken languages.

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