The Silwood Circle : a history of ecology and the making of scientific careers in late twentieth-century Britain / Hannah Gay.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 365-397) and index.

Ch. 1. Introduction -- ch. 2. Some ecological ideas that anticipated those of the Silwood Circle. 2.1. From Linnaeus to Lotka and Volterra. 2.2. Alfred Lotka and the source of his ideas. 2.3. What should we make of this? A philosophical aside -- ch. 3. Entomology and ecology at Imperial College, 1907-1965. 3.1. Entomology at Imperial College prior to the acquisition of Silwood Park. 3.2. The purchase of Silwood Park. 3.3. Early work at Silwood -- ch. 4. T.R.E. Southwood and the early years of the Silwood Circle. 4.1. Southwood's youth and his arrival at Silwood. 4.2. Environmentalism: some cultural and political events of the 1960s and 1970s. 4.3. The early years of the Silwood Circle. 4.4. Southwood's later years at Silwood -- ch. 5. Some important antecedents to the Silwood Circle: ecology at Oxford and at some North American centres. 5.1. Ecology at Oxford University: from the 1920s to the 1960s. 5.2. Ecology in North America: G.E. Hutchinson and his students -- ch. 6. Hard work and the making of reputations: Robert May and Richard Southwood, 1971-1979. 6.1. Robert May and Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems (1973, 1974 and 2001). 6.2. T.R.E. Southwood, Robert May, and the Silwood Circle. 6.3. The reception of new mathematical modelling by the ecological community. 6.4. T.R.E. Southwood in the wider world -- ch. 7. The growth of careers 1970-1995: part one. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Gordon Conway. 7.3. Michael Crawley. 7.4. Michael Hassell. 7.5. Roy Anderson. 7.6. Richard Southwood: public service and his move to Oxford -- ch. 8. The growth of careers 1970-1995: part two. 8.1. John Lawton. 8.2. John Krebs. 8.3. David Rogers. 8.4. John Beddington. 8.5. Coda -- ch. 9. Voices in the larger world: responsibilities, awards and rewards -- ch. 10. Interlude: my philosophical lens -- ch. 11. Conclusion. 11.1. Intellectual history: tradition and novelty. 11.2. Institutional history and tradition. 11.3. Biography and psychology. 11.4. The Silwood Circle and sociality. 11.5. The socio-political and cultural context. 11.6. Concluding comments.

This is an original and wide-ranging account of the careers of a close-knit group of highly influential ecologists working in Britain from the late 1960s onwards. The book can also be read as a history of some recent developments in ecology. One of the group, Robert May, is a past president of the Royal Society, and the author of what many see as the most important treatise in theoretical ecology of the later twentieth century. That the group flourished was due not only to May's intellectual leadership, but also to the guiding hand of T.R.E. Southwood. Southwood ended his career as Linacre Professor of Zoology at the University of Oxford, where he also served a term as Vice-Chancellor. Earlier, as a professor and director of the Silwood Park campus of Imperial College London, he brought the group together. Since it began to coalesce at Silwood it has been named here the Silwood Circle. Southwood promoted the interests of its members with the larger aim of raising the profile of ecological and environmental science in Britain. Given public anxiety over the environment and the loss of ecosystems, his actions were well-timed. Ecology, which had been on the scientific margins in the first half of the twentieth century, came to be viewed as a science central to modern existence. The book illustrates its importance to many areas. Members of the Silwood Circle have acted as government advisors in the areas of conservation and biodiversity, resource management, pest control, food policy, genetically modified crops, sustainable agriculture, international development, defence against biological weapons, and epidemiology and infectious disease control. In recounting the science they carried out, and how they made their careers, the book reflects also on the role of the group, and the nature of scientific success.

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