Preventing the forward contamination of Europa /
Preventing the forward contamination of Europa /
Task Group on the Forward Contamination of Europa, Space Studies Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications, National Research Council.
- Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, ©2000.
- 1 online resource (xii, 41 pages) : illustrations
"Support for this project was provided by Contract NASW 96013 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration"--Page [ii].
Includes bibliographical references.
Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Planetary Protection Policies -- HISTORY -- PROTECTING MARS -- BOX 1.1 VIKING'S APPROACH TO BIOLOAD REDUCTION -- Presterilization -- Sterilization -- REFERENCES -- 2 Europa -- EUROPA EXPLORATION STRATEGY -- EUROPA'S RADIATION ENVIRONMENT -- REFERENCES -- 3 Life in Extreme Environments -- EXTREMOPHILES -- EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 4 Sterilization and Cleaning Methods -- CLEANING AND STERILIZATION STANDARDS -- ACHIEVING THE STANDARDS. BOX 4.1 CURRENT CLEAN-ROOM PROCEDURES -- REFERENCE -- 5 Microbial Detection and Identification -- REFERENCES -- 6 Recommended Planetary Protection Strategy for Europa -- PLANETARY PROTECTION STRATEGY FOR EUROPA -- MAJORITY AND MINORITY VIEWPOINTS -- Applicability of the Current Planetary Protection Strategies to Europa -- Survival of Terrestrial Microbes on Europa -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Appendixes -- A Calculating the Probability of Contamination, Pc, -- A SAMPLE METHODOLOGY -- Microbial Populations On Spacecraft. F1-Total Number of Cells Relative to Cultured Cells -- F2-Bioburden Reduction Treatment -- F3-Cruise Survival Fraction -- F4-Radiation Survival -- F5-Probability of Landing at an Active Site -- F6-Burial Fraction -- F7-Probability That an Organism Survives and Proliferates -- F7a-Survivability of Exposure Environments -- F7b-Availability of Nutrients -- F7c-Suitability of Energy Sources -- F7d-Suitability for Active Growth -- Joint Probability for F7 -- Conclusions from the Illustrative Calculation -- REFERENCES -- B Glossary.
0309575540 (electronic bk.) 9780309575546 (electronic bk.)
Space vehicles--Sterilization.
Microbial contamination.
Contamination (Technology)
Contamination.
contamination.
SCIENCE--Astronomy.
Microbial contamination.
Space vehicles--Sterilization.
PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTS.
PLANETARY RADIATION.
SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION.
DECONTAMINATION.
JUPITER SATELLITES.
SPACECRAFT STERILIZATION.
Europa (Satellite)
Europe (Satellite)
Jupiter (Planet)--Europa (Satellite)
Electronic books.
Electronic books.
QB404 / .P74 2000eb
523.985
"Support for this project was provided by Contract NASW 96013 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration"--Page [ii].
Includes bibliographical references.
Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Planetary Protection Policies -- HISTORY -- PROTECTING MARS -- BOX 1.1 VIKING'S APPROACH TO BIOLOAD REDUCTION -- Presterilization -- Sterilization -- REFERENCES -- 2 Europa -- EUROPA EXPLORATION STRATEGY -- EUROPA'S RADIATION ENVIRONMENT -- REFERENCES -- 3 Life in Extreme Environments -- EXTREMOPHILES -- EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 4 Sterilization and Cleaning Methods -- CLEANING AND STERILIZATION STANDARDS -- ACHIEVING THE STANDARDS. BOX 4.1 CURRENT CLEAN-ROOM PROCEDURES -- REFERENCE -- 5 Microbial Detection and Identification -- REFERENCES -- 6 Recommended Planetary Protection Strategy for Europa -- PLANETARY PROTECTION STRATEGY FOR EUROPA -- MAJORITY AND MINORITY VIEWPOINTS -- Applicability of the Current Planetary Protection Strategies to Europa -- Survival of Terrestrial Microbes on Europa -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Appendixes -- A Calculating the Probability of Contamination, Pc, -- A SAMPLE METHODOLOGY -- Microbial Populations On Spacecraft. F1-Total Number of Cells Relative to Cultured Cells -- F2-Bioburden Reduction Treatment -- F3-Cruise Survival Fraction -- F4-Radiation Survival -- F5-Probability of Landing at an Active Site -- F6-Burial Fraction -- F7-Probability That an Organism Survives and Proliferates -- F7a-Survivability of Exposure Environments -- F7b-Availability of Nutrients -- F7c-Suitability of Energy Sources -- F7d-Suitability for Active Growth -- Joint Probability for F7 -- Conclusions from the Illustrative Calculation -- REFERENCES -- B Glossary.
0309575540 (electronic bk.) 9780309575546 (electronic bk.)
Space vehicles--Sterilization.
Microbial contamination.
Contamination (Technology)
Contamination.
contamination.
SCIENCE--Astronomy.
Microbial contamination.
Space vehicles--Sterilization.
PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTS.
PLANETARY RADIATION.
SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION.
DECONTAMINATION.
JUPITER SATELLITES.
SPACECRAFT STERILIZATION.
Europa (Satellite)
Europe (Satellite)
Jupiter (Planet)--Europa (Satellite)
Electronic books.
Electronic books.
QB404 / .P74 2000eb
523.985