Carbon taxes : elements, considerations and objectives / Neil Viveiros, editor.

CARBON TAXES ELEMENTS, CONSIDERATIONS AND OBJECTIVES; CARBON TAXES ELEMENTS, CONSIDERATIONS AND OBJECTIVES; CONTENTS ; PREFACE; Chapter 1 CARBON TAX: DEFICIT REDUCTION AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS* ; SUMMARY; INTRODUCTION; DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION ; Point of Taxation ; Rate of Taxation ; Carbon Tax Effects on Fossil Fuel Prices ; FRAMEWORK FOR EVALUATION ; Adequacy-The Potential to Generate Revenues ; Economic Efficiency ; Many Taxes Have Distortionary Effects48 ; Taxes May Correct Market Failures ; An Economically Efficient Carbon Tax Rate53; Equity ; Vertical Equity ; Horizontal Equity

Individual Equity Generational Equity ; Operability ; Administrative Ease ; Consistency with Federal and International Norms and Standards ; Potential Perverse Effects ; Transparency ; Political Feasibility ; CONTRIBUTION TO DEFICIT REDUCTION ; ALTERNATIVE USES FOR CARBON TAX REVENUES ; Distribute Carbon Tax Revenues to Households ; Address Economy-Wide Costs ; Assist Carbon-Intensive, Trade-Exposed Industries ; CONCLUSION ; APPENDIX. CARBON TAX AND CARBON PRICING PROPOSALS IN THE 111TH CONGRESS ; End Notes

Chapter 2 CARBON TAX AND GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL: OPTIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONGRESS*SUMMARY ; INTRODUCTION ; COST OF QUANTITY CONTROL: AN OVERVIEW ; Economic Theory vs. Uncertainty ; A Stark Choice or a Policy Continuum? ; A Flexible Emissions Cap ; A Flexible Carbon Tax ; Limits of the Policy Continuum ; POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES OF A CARBON TAX ; Economic Efficiency ; Basis for the Argument; Underpinnings of the Argument ; Relative Flatness of Benefits Curve? ; Relative Steepness of the Marginal Cost Curve? ; Short-Term Time Frame ; Only Cost Uncertainty is Considered

Modeled Efficiency Gains Economic Efficiency versus Precaution ; Price Stability ; Tax Revenue Applications ; Potential Implementation Advantages ; Transparency ; Administrative Issues ; Policy Modification ; POTENTIAL DISADVANTAGES ; Uncertain Emissions ; Political Feasibility ; What's in a Name? ; Support from Industry? ; Support from Environmental Groups? ; Consideration of International Efforts and Cooperation ; Coordination with Existing International Efforts ; Maximizing Participation ; International Implementation Concerns ; IMPLEMENTATION OF A CARBON TAX ; Point of Taxation

Where to Impose a Carbon Tax? CO2 Emissions or All CHG Emission?; Which Emission Sources to Control? ; Level of Taxation ; Tax Based on Estimates of Costs and Benefits117 ; Social Cost of Carbon Estimates ; Applying Social Cost of Carbon Estimates ; Tax Based on Meeting an Emissions Target ; Tax Revenue Distribution ; Estimates of Tax Revenues ; Use of Tax Revenues ; Offset Reductions in Other Taxes ; Direct or Indirect Payments to Households ; Provide Assistance to Carbon-Intensive Industries ; Fund Specific Objectives ; Policy Considerations of Different Revenue Applications

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